Management of post biopsy hemopericardium and chylopericardium by angiographic embolisation and retrograde transvenous embolisation of thoracic duct in a case of mediastinal lymphovascular malformation, followed by successful treatment by percutaneous sclerotherapy.

Male, 21

mediastinal lymphovascular embolisation

Hemopericardium is a well documented complication following biopsy of mediastinal mass. Chylopericardium can occur following cardiothoracic surgery, trauma or mediastinal hygromas, lymphangiomas, lymphoma and other malignancies . We describe an unusual case of hemopericardium following CT guided biopsy of anterior mediastinal lymphovascular malformation which was managed with pericardiocentesis and angiographic embolisation of branch of left internal mammary artery identified as the source of hemorrhage. Cessation of bleeding revealed the nature of pericardial drain to be chylous which was managed by transvenous retrograde embolisation of thoracic duct and percutaneous sclerotherapy of the venolymphatic malformation .